{"id":577,"date":"2014-12-23T17:37:41","date_gmt":"2014-12-23T17:37:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/limbaromana.org\/en\/?p=577"},"modified":"2014-12-23T17:37:41","modified_gmt":"2014-12-23T17:37:41","slug":"mos-craciun-father-christmas-indo-european-mythology-sun-god-yule-log-butucul-craciunului-romanian-winter-traditions-craciun-etymology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/limbaromana.org\/en\/mos-craciun-father-christmas-indo-european-mythology-sun-god-yule-log-butucul-craciunului-romanian-winter-traditions-craciun-etymology\/","title":{"rendered":"Words Defining the Notion of \u2018WATER\u2019 in Various Language Families of the World"},"content":{"rendered":"

By. Emanuel Florin Ganciu<\/p>\n

Motto: \u201cAnd out of the ground the LORD God formed every beast of the fieldan every fowl of the air and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof\u201d. (Genesis, 2,19)[1]<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Abreviations list<\/p>\n

adj.- adjective\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0IEW -Indogermanisches etymologisches W\u00f6rterbuch<\/p>\n

anat. -anatomic\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0obs. – obsolete<\/p>\n

arh. – archaism \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0nr.\u00a0\u00a0 – number<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. – confer \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0PIE – Proto-Indo-European<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    comp.- compare\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0reg. – regionalism<\/p>\n

    conf.\u00a0 – conform\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 semant. – semantism<\/p>\n

    isl.\u00a0 – island<\/p>\n

    This article (the first from a number of articles which will be, hopefully, published in the following issues of this journal) is the result of a vast work of gathering information from various reliable sources. However, the data presented here may arise astonishment and doubt to many. The article is written by a non-specialist who after a long time of arduous research found out that there are strange similarities between words belonging to families of languages considered to be totally unrelated. Such an endeaviour can not be found to professional linguists.<\/p>\n

    The research for this article of genetic and comparative linguistics \u00a0was done after gathering of huge amont of data (from a few tens of words in Eschimo language to a few thousands in Chinese, Quechua, Maori and so on, (an average of 200 words) in each of 1200 languages studied.<\/p>\n

    The article compares a number of terms for \u2018water\u2019 or something similar from various languages. Besides books, I used as sources of information scientific and academic online sites.<\/p>\n

    I have to mention that there are\u00a0 amazing similarities that are not studied by contemporary comaparative linguistics. Therefore, I considered that there is no place in science, including linguistics for any preconceived ideas or dogmas.<\/p>\n

    Unfortunately, many (if not the majority) of today\u2019s scientific theories and research methods hamper or turn in a wrong direction or put serious limits to the scientific research blocking the road to the truth.<\/p>\n

    Thus, by following those who classify the almost 7000 languages of the world in about 13-15 (according to others even 17) language families, I would have missed a large number of words that are similar to others in languages belonging to linguistic families which are considered to be unrelated to each other. By saying this, I do not deny the great progresses done in linguistics and therefore, I use the established linguistic teminology, ideas and methodology.<\/p>\n

    I removed all the loanwords, even when certain terms were not indicated as such, but my gut feelings told me they are. For example in the Malayasian language Tetun Terik, the word tempu of the expression \u2018tempu udan\u2019 means \u2018rainy season\u2019, I had the suspicion that tempu seems to be loanword from Spanish tiempo and I did not use it.<\/p>\n

    I started comparing Romanian words, with Indo-European cognates or similar lexical itmes found in languages belonging to other language families. Some of these words from Polinesian, Amerindian, African or other languages\u00a0 are very similar or almost identical to the Romanian ones.<\/p>\n

    Before, I will discuss the list of words, it would be necessary to present the way the linguistic data were organized. First of all, some quesrtions should be answered:<\/p>\n